Improvement in coke-ovens



LEVIS SGHANTL, OF S'I. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

IMPROVEMENT IN COKE-OVENS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 151,5 E 3, dated June 2, 1874; application 'tiled April (i, 1874.

To atl 'whom 'it may concern Be it known that l, LEWIS ScHANTL, a resident of the city and county of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented new and useful Improvements in OokeOvens, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being hereby had to the annexed drawing making a part of this specification, in which Figure l represents a transverse vertical section; Fig. 2, a plan of the bottom of the oven, and Fig. 3 a transverse vertical section of the bottom.

Like letters indicate like parts.

The object of the present invention is to provide a coke-oven in which coal can be evenly and readily cohed, and Whose contents can be speedily and conveniently discharged. It con sists in the peculiar construction, arrangement, and operation, substantially as is hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawin g, A represents a coke-oven Whose dome or upper portion is round, or of what is termed the bee-hive pattern. In its top is the usual opening` B, through which the oven is charged. C represents a circular iiue extending around through the oven- Wall, near the upper part of the oven, and connected therewith by a series of openings, c c. Its outer opening is at D. rlhere is no opening in the side of the oven, saving at E,Which, it will be observed, is arranged above the level of the bottom of the oven, and preferably about midway, or nearly so, to the top of the oven. rIhis opening E is the leveling-hole, through which a rake is introduced for the purpose of leveling the charge, which falls in a heap from above. It is closed by a suitable door. F represents the bottom of the oven. It, in shape, corresponds to that of the ovenv'all at that point, and consists, preferably, of an iron plate or frame, G, upon which is laid tire-brick H. It has a rim, g, to hold the firebrick in place. The bottom F is arranged to oscillate or turn down, and, for that purpose, is provided With trunnions I I', arranged, preferably, at its center, as shown. rIhe trunnions rest in suitable bearings in the side Walls, one of them, I, extending through the Wall, and, at its end, squared to receive a Wrench, J. IVhen the bottom is in position one side thereof, f, rests upon a bench formed by the foundation-Wall. rIhe opposite side of the bottom is provided with a tlange, L, which presses up against an iron plate, M,\vhich constitutes the support for the front part ofthe oven-Wall, for I build the foundation-Wall N high enough to afford room for the charge to be dumped below, and preferably high enough to enable a cart to stand beneath the oven-bottom and receive the charge when dumped, and do not carry it entirely around, but leave an opening at the side O, through which to enter into the pit S. rIhe plate M is above the opening O, resting at its ends in the Wall. To strengthen it, I preferably arrange immediately beneath the plate iron beams I) P', which, extending across the opening O, rest in the'foundation- Wall. At its inner side the plate M is made concave, or of the shape corresponding to that of the oven-bottom, its inner ends extending as far as the trunnions I I. By reason of the bottom F thus pressing upon the bench a', and against the plate M, a tight joint all around the bottom is readily formed. It is practicable in some cases to use an arch formed of brick-Work over the opening O, but, for obvious reasons, I prefer the plate above described. When the oven-bottom is in place, to hold it more securely a removable bar, Q, is inserted, extending across to and resting upon the opposite Wall. The oven-bottom, instead of the plate, can have an open -Work metallic construction, either of east or wrought iron, or of both, for the better resisting the effects of heating. The upper part of the oven, as Well as the hearth, is lined with iire-briclr.

In operation, the bottom being closed up, the charge of coal is introduced through the top. The first charge is heated and coked in the usual Way, and, when thoroughly treated, is at once discharged by simply tilting the oven-bottom, in manner indicated by the dotted lines It, Fig. 1, by means of the Wrench J acting on the trunnion I. In being able to immediately discharge the contents of the oven, and to restore the oven-bottom to its position, the oven, before it has had time to cool, is ready to receive a second charge of coal. rlhis avoids the need, as with the ordinary oven, ol' reheating the oven every time a fresh charge is inserted. Thus, in effect, the coking operation is made continuous, saving fuel and labor, and greatly increasing the capacity of the oven. Moreover, by reason of the even -teniperature maintained in consequence of the continuous heating, the durability'of thc construction is also largely increased.

Further, there being no opening in the side of the oven below the level of the mass of the charge, no air can Well enter into such mass durin g the operation, even when the levelinghole is temporarily open for the purpose of evening the coal-heap. Such entrance of a-ir into the mass could not ef'eetuallybe prevented in former constructions wherein the side openings extend to the level of the hearth. Through the circular flue, above C, the admission of air is properly directed. This flue can be closed or regulated by a suitable damper.

The opening O affords opportunity for carts or cars to enter into the pit S below the oven, receive its contents, and readily remove them. NVhen a set of ovens are arranged together, an opening similar to the opening O is made at the opposite side, T, and in such case a plate similar to the plate M is arranged above it. The construction of the adjacent Wall, in this event, as Well as the arrangement of the proposed plate, is suitable for the proper operation of the oven-bottoni, as above described.

Thus constructed, carts or cars can be run through underneaththe entire set of ovens.

I am aware that coke-ovens have been constructed with movable bottoms, and therefore do not claim such, broadly 5 but,

I-Iavin g described myinvention, what I elaiin as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The combination of the coke-oven A,having circular flue C and lateral lues c c', &c., with oscillating bottom F, trunnions I I', plate M, and pit S, substantially as shown and described.

LEWIS SGHANTL.

'Vitn esses Cuirs. D. Moonv, Tues. Jnssor. 

